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Viet Nam

18 questions answered in 3 published briefs · Updated 1 Oct 2026

Questions answered

The questions our published briefs answer that touch Viet Nam.

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About Viet Nam (primary)

Country Outlook · C 001 · 14 questionsIs exposure to Vietnam a demand exposure?

GeoeconomicGeopoliticalAt a glance (the answer)30 Sep 2026
Is exposure to Vietnam a demand exposure?

“No. The more concentrated side is supply: China supplied 40.9 per cent of Vietnam's 2025 imports, against a 32.2 per cent US share of exports, for as long as assembly runs on imported components.”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Viet Nam Affected China, United States of America

Countries in this questionViet NamChinaUnited States of America
GeoeconomicGeopolitical01. The largest customer and the largest supplier are different great powers30 Sep 2026
Are Vietnam's largest customer and largest supplier the same power?

“The United States took 32.2% of what Vietnam sold and supplied 4.2% of what it bought. China supplied 40.9% of what it bought and took 14.8% of what it sold.”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Viet Nam Affected United States of America, China

Countries in this questionViet NamUnited States of AmericaChina
Geoeconomic02. One tariff chapter was the largest line on both sides of the 2023 account30 Sep 2026
Which tariff chapter did Vietnam's 2023 trade account rest on?

“In 2023, HS chapter 85 (electrical machinery and equipment) was the largest chapter on both sides of the account, and no other chapter behaved that way.”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Viet Nam

Geoeconomic03. The supply side is the more concentrated side on every measure taken30 Sep 2026
Which side of Vietnam's trade is more concentrated?

“Counterparty concentration, measured as a Herfindahl index over countries, was higher on imports than on exports in 2023, and highest of all inside chapter 85's imports.”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Viet Nam Affected China, Republic of Korea

Countries in this questionViet NamChinaRepublic of Korea
Geoeconomic04. Trade was 190% of GDP in 2025, the most open of five economies compared30 Sep 2026
How open is Vietnam's economy to external shocks?

“Trade in goods and services was 190.3% of Vietnam's GDP in 2025, against 68.5% for the world aggregate, and exports of goods and services alone were 98.2% of GDP (World Bank, re-checked 30 Sep 2026).”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Viet Nam

Geoeconomic06. Four domains pass the significance test, and component supply rates highest30 Sep 2026
Which domains carry Vietnam's exposure?

“Four domains pass: two are core (market access at the outbound end, component supply at the inbound end) and two pass (value retained at home, capital inflows).”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Viet Nam

GeoeconomicGeopolitical06. Domain: market access at the outbound end30 Sep 2026
Does access to Vietnam's largest buyer market hold at its 2025 weight?

“A change in the buyer market's trade rules acts on revenue. The United States took US$153.2bn of Vietnam's 2025 goods exports (NSO, preliminary).”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Viet Nam Affected United States of America

Countries in this questionViet NamUnited States of America
GeoeconomicGeotechnology06. Domain: component supply at the inbound end30 Sep 2026
Does Vietnam's inbound supply of components stay concentrated?

“An interruption in supply acts on the ability to produce, not only on revenue: where the outbound leg consists of assembling the inbound one, a supply shock stops output rather than scaling it.”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Viet Nam Affected China, Republic of Korea

Countries in this questionViet NamChinaRepublic of Korea
GeoeconomicGeotechnology08. The share of export value that stays in Vietnam is the lowest of six30 Sep 2026
How much of Vietnam's export value is produced in Vietnam?

“On the OECD's modelled estimate, 51.5% of the value in Vietnam's gross exports was produced in Vietnam in 2022, the smallest share of the six economies compared.”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Viet Nam

Geoeconomic09. The capital account did not turn in fourteen years of data30 Sep 2026
Has direct investment into Vietnam turned?

“Net foreign direct investment inflows were US$20.2bn in 2024, the largest of the fourteen years drawn, through a pandemic, a tariff dispute and a global rate cycle (World Bank, re-checked 30 Sep 2026; no 2025 value yet).”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Viet Nam

GeoeconomicGeopolitical10. The first hinge, the inbound share, moved further toward one supplier30 Sep 2026
Has Vietnam's reliance on one supplier grown?

“China supplied 40.9% of Vietnam's imports in the NSO's 2025 tables and 41.0% in January to August 2026.”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Viet Nam Affected China

Countries in this questionViet NamChina
Geoeconomic11. The second hinge, the thin difference, turned negative in 202630 Sep 2026
What happened to Vietnam's trade balance after the research date?

“The NSO's report of 3 September 2026 records a goods deficit of US$20.46bn for January to August 2026, against a surplus of US$14.02bn a year earlier; imports rose 35.3% and exports 22.4%.”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Viet Nam

Geoeconomic12. Measurement is a third hinge: the two ends of the US corridor disagree30 Sep 2026
How far apart are the two ends of the Vietnam-US trade corridor?

“For 2025, Vietnam reports US$153.2bn of exports to the United States; the US Census Bureau reports US$193.9bn of imports from Vietnam.”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Viet Nam Affected United States of America

Countries in this questionViet NamUnited States of America
GeoeconomicGeopolitical18. Five tests, each checkable against a free public source, would show the call wrong30 Sep 2026
What would show the call on Vietnam wrong?

“The call would be wrong if, in Vietnam's own partner tables, the import side became the less concentrated side of the account, or if China's share of imports fell below the United States' share of exports.”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Viet Nam Affected China, United States of America

Countries in this questionViet NamChinaUnited States of America

Where Viet Nam is affected

Theme Brief · T 001 · 3 questionsCan Canada become a material energy supplier beyond the United States?

GeoeconomicAnswer (cover, at a glance, executive summary)30 Sep 2026
Can Canada become a material energy supplier beyond the United States?

“It has started, but small: in 12 months to July 2026, 11.3 of 96.8 bcm of gas exports and 32.6 of 256.0 million m³ of crude went beyond the US.”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Canada Affected United States of America, Republic of Korea, China, Japan, Taiwan, Province of China, Viet Nam, Thailand, Philippines

Geoeconomic03. The gas cargo went to seven Asian destinations, all under long-term licences30 Sep 2026
Where did Canada's LNG export cargoes go?

“122 export cargo records, June 2025 to July 2026: Korea 46, China 36, Japan 25, Taiwan 10, three others 5.”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Canada Affected Republic of Korea, China, Japan, Taiwan, Province of China, Viet Nam, Thailand, Philippines

Geoeconomic19. For Asian gas buyers, the supply is demonstrated, small and single-sourced30 Sep 2026
What does Canadian LNG supply offer Asian gas buyers?

“For this class the question is reliability, and the measured answer is: demonstrated, small and single-sourced.”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary Canada Affected Republic of Korea, China, Japan, Taiwan, Province of China, Viet Nam, Thailand, Philippines

Country Outlook · C 003 · 1 questionIs exposure to China three risks or one?

GeoeconomicAnnex 3 · The present-state tables as researched30 Sep 2026
Where did China's lost share of US imports go?

“Vietnam +2.1 points and Mexico +2.0 points of US import share since 2018”

The brief’s reading of the evidence; not a registered forecast.

Primary China Affected United States of America, Viet Nam, Mexico

Each answer is quoted verbatim from the brief. Answers with a register ID are our estimates, scored when they resolve; the others are the brief’s reading of the evidence, not forecasts.

Regions in these questions East Asia · North America · Southeast Asia

Published briefs

Briefs with Viet Nam as their subject.

Forecast register

Forecasts on the register attached to the questions above.

Each is our estimate, scored when it resolves. Published briefs only; the full register lists every one.

No registered forecast is attached to these questions yet.

The forecast register

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General research for general circulation; not investment, legal or tax advice and not tailored to any reader. Every probability is our estimate, scored when it resolves.

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